{"id":5976,"date":"2019-07-23T14:00:49","date_gmt":"2019-07-23T18:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zux.zsm.mybluehost.me\/majoctobre2019\/?p=5976"},"modified":"2021-09-20T11:28:32","modified_gmt":"2021-09-20T15:28:32","slug":"developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/","title":{"rendered":"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Dialogue requirements<\/h1>\n<p>Our banking IVR is a self-service application in which a caller can execute tasks like paying a bill or getting an account balance. The dialogue includes a loop that allows the caller to carry out tasks as many times as he or she wants:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4171 size-full aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"499\" height=\"566\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 499px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 499\/566;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The application accommodates expert users by allowing them to quickly complete their tasks:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4173 size-full aligncenter lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 479px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 479\/207;display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"479\" height=\"207\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It also adapts to less experienced users by providing them with a more directed dialogue when needed:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4175 size-full aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/3-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"487\" height=\"348\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 487px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 487\/348;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The IVR supports mixed initiative strategies like digressions:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4177 size-full aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/4-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"486\" height=\"335\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 486px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 486\/335;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As well as change requests or corrections:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4179 size-full aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"476\" height=\"212\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 476px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 476\/212;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The dialogue also handles error recovery, including errors that are specific to the voice channel:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4181 size-full aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"613\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 480px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 480\/613;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This is only an overview of the patterns handled by our dialogue model; several others are already implemented. We are also planning on adding other dialogue strategies, such as cancelling a task or handling more complex <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/news-events\/corrections-in-conversational-ivr-part-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">corrections<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/news-events\/corrections-in-conversational-ivr-part-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">change requests<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h1>Implementation: why we opted for a deterministic approach<\/h1>\n<p>Early on, we decided to rely on a deterministic approach for our use cases. The main reasons why machine learning was less adapted to our current use cases are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Task related dialogues are predictable and relatively directed<\/li>\n<li>Tasks can be executed repeatedly and the application behavior should be identical every time<\/li>\n<li>Tasks should be interrupted and resumed reliably<\/li>\n<li>Tokens of information that are collected for a given task are not relevant for another<\/li>\n<li>Tasks are independent and must not interact with each other<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In addition, our requirements for error recovery and change management were rather strict.<\/p>\n<h1>Deterministic approach<\/h1>\n<p>Our deterministic approach consists in managing actions using a stack. A stack is a data structure of type last in first out; in other words, the last item added to the stack is the first one to be removed. The action at the top of the stack is the one in focus. When we add an action to a stack, it becomes in focus. When the action in focus is completed, it is removed from the stack and the dialogue goes back to the previous action. This allows to interrupt and resume actions in a predictable and robust manner.<\/p>\n<p>This can be illustrated as follows:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4183 size-full aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"797\" height=\"190\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 797px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 797\/190;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Here is an example of the state of a stack for a dialogue in which the user interrupts the ongoing action (digresses) to ask for a list of their accounts. Once the digression to hear the list of accounts is completed, this action is removed from the stack and the focus comes back to the previous action, that is, the bill payment action.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4208 size-full aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/88.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"638\" height=\"802\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/88.jpg 638w, https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/88-239x300.jpg 239w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 638px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 638\/802;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In addition to allowing us to manage digressions elegantly, our approach allows us to define isolated contexts for each action. This ensures that they remain independent.<\/p>\n<p>Next are some additional details on how this was implemented using Rasa.<\/p>\n<h3>Custom policy<\/h3>\n<p>In Rasa, a <a href=\"https:\/\/rasa.com\/docs\/rasa\/core\/policies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">policy<\/a> is what allows to predict\/specify the next <a href=\"https:\/\/rasa.com\/docs\/rasa\/core\/actions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">action<\/a> to be executed in the dialogue depending on context (<a href=\"https:\/\/rasa.com\/docs\/rasa\/api\/events\/#force-a-followup-action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tracker<\/a>). Out-of-the-box, Rasa offers a combination of deterministic and machine learning based policies. It is also possible to create our own policy. This is what we did by implementing a deterministic policy that alternates between waiting for the next user input and triggering an action used as an action manager (responsible for managing the action stack). Since we do not make predictions as to what action must be executed, our policy does not use <a href=\"https:\/\/rasa.com\/docs\/rasa\/core\/stories\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stories<\/a> and does not require a training phase. This is the only policy that we use.<\/p>\n<h3>Action manager<\/h3>\n<p>We have created an abstraction to manage the action stack that was described above. The stack is a complex object that we store in an <a href=\"https:\/\/rasa.com\/docs\/rasa\/core\/slots\/#unfeaturized-slot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">unfeaturized slot<\/a>. The action to be executed depends on the user\u2019s input as well as the state of the stack.<\/p>\n<h3>Custom dialogue patterns<\/h3>\n<p>One frequent dialogue pattern is information token collection, or slot-filling. This pattern is used, for instance, by the bill payment action. Rasa provides an action for this pattern: the <a href=\"https:\/\/rasa.com\/docs\/rasa\/core\/forms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FormAction<\/a>. However, we needed to support other, more complex patterns than what is offered by the FormAction, for example: slot confirmation when the speech recognition confidence score is low, final confirmation at the end of an action, etc. We have therefore created a custom class \u201cTask\u201d that handles these more complex patterns. Some of our actions inherit this class. We appreciate that Rasa offers the flexibility that we need to implement our own dialogue management strategies.<\/p>\n<h3>Unit test framework<\/h3>\n<p>Since we have implemented our dialogues using a deterministic approach, we were able to build our own unit test framework to test our dialogues. This allowed us to increase our application\u2019s reliability.<\/p>\n<h1>Next steps<\/h1>\n<p>Although we have been relying on a deterministic approach to develop our banking use cases, we are also currently experimenting with machine learning to develop dialogues for different use cases.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Here are some of the next items that we will explore:<\/li>\n<li>Use the <a href=\"https:\/\/rasa.com\/docs\/rasa\/core\/policies\/#embedding-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Recurrent Embedding Dialogue Policy<\/a> to support <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.rasa.com\/attention-dialogue-and-learning-reusable-patterns\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">uncooperative user behavior<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Use <a href=\"https:\/\/rasa.com\/docs\/rasa-x\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rasa X<\/a> to learn from real conversations<\/li>\n<li>Create more natural dialogues by using recorded prompts instead of TTS<\/li>\n<li>Try to integrate machine learning in our deterministic model<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>We will share our experience in future posts as we move forward. Stay tuned!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dialogue requirements Our banking IVR is a self-service application in which a caller can execute tasks like paying a bill or getting an account balance. The dialogue includes a loop that allows the caller to carry out tasks as many times as he or she wants: &nbsp; The application accommodates expert users by allowing them [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":5981,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogue","category-ivr-fr"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais) &#183; AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Does your FAQ stand for Fail to Answer Questions?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais) &#183; AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Does your FAQ stand for Fail to Answer Questions?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nuechoinc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-07-23T18:00:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-09-20T15:28:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Laurence Dupont\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@nuecho\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@nuecho\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Laurence Dupont\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Laurence Dupont\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/5f4b14f0aa400b3d4bcb9ce7b60d2708\"},\"headline\":\"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais)\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-07-23T18:00:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-20T15:28:32+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/\"},\"wordCount\":882,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Blogue\",\"RVI\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/\",\"name\":\"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais) &#183; AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-07-23T18:00:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-09-20T15:28:32+00:00\",\"description\":\"Does your FAQ stand for Fail to Answer Questions?\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":900},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo\",\"description\":\"Nu Echo\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Nu Echo - Conversation AI | IA Conversationnelle\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/bottom-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/bottom-logo.png\",\"width\":138,\"height\":27,\"caption\":\"Nu Echo - Conversation AI | IA Conversationnelle\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nuechoinc\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/nuecho\",\"https:\/\/ca.linkedin.com\/company\/nu-echo\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/5f4b14f0aa400b3d4bcb9ce7b60d2708\",\"name\":\"Laurence Dupont\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/NuEcho_1704-214731_Web-150x150.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/NuEcho_1704-214731_Web-150x150.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Laurence Dupont\"},\"description\":\"Conceptrice de logiciel, passionn\u00e9e par l'apprentissage automatique et l'innovation conversationnelle. Software developer, passionate about machine learning and conversational innovation.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/author\/ldupont\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais) &#183; AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo","description":"Does your FAQ stand for Fail to Answer Questions?","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais) &#183; AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo","og_description":"Does your FAQ stand for Fail to Answer Questions?","og_url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/","og_site_name":"AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nuechoinc\/","article_published_time":"2019-07-23T18:00:49+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-09-20T15:28:32+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":900,"url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Laurence Dupont","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@nuecho","twitter_site":"@nuecho","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Laurence Dupont","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/"},"author":{"name":"Laurence Dupont","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/5f4b14f0aa400b3d4bcb9ce7b60d2708"},"headline":"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais)","datePublished":"2019-07-23T18:00:49+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-20T15:28:32+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/"},"wordCount":882,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg","articleSection":["Blogue","RVI"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/","url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/","name":"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais) &#183; AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg","datePublished":"2019-07-23T18:00:49+00:00","dateModified":"2021-09-20T15:28:32+00:00","description":"Does your FAQ stand for Fail to Answer Questions?","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Webp.net-resizeimage-2-1.jpg","width":1200,"height":900},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/developing-conversational-ivr-using-rasa-part-3-dialogue-management-article-en-anglais\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"La RVI conversationnelle avec Rasa \u2013 3e partie : gestion du dialogue (Article en anglais)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/","name":"AI Virtual Voice Experts with Google Dialogflow CX - CCAI - Nu Echo","description":"Nu Echo","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#organization","name":"Nu Echo - Conversation AI | IA Conversationnelle","url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/bottom-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/bottom-logo.png","width":138,"height":27,"caption":"Nu Echo - Conversation AI | IA Conversationnelle"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/nuechoinc\/","https:\/\/x.com\/nuecho","https:\/\/ca.linkedin.com\/company\/nu-echo"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/5f4b14f0aa400b3d4bcb9ce7b60d2708","name":"Laurence Dupont","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/NuEcho_1704-214731_Web-150x150.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/NuEcho_1704-214731_Web-150x150.jpg","caption":"Laurence Dupont"},"description":"Conceptrice de logiciel, passionn\u00e9e par l'apprentissage automatique et l'innovation conversationnelle. Software developer, passionate about machine learning and conversational innovation.","url":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/author\/ldupont\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5976"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5976\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9092,"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5976\/revisions\/9092"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5981"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nuecho.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}